祁连山夏季地形云综合探测试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郑国光  陈跃  陈添宇  陈乾  朱君鉴  李照荣 《地球科学进展》2011,26(10):1057-1070

2006年和2007年夏季在祁连山冷龙岭西段开展了地形云云量、云状、大气水汽、风场、雨滴谱和雨强等的综合探测试验,以分析祁连山地形云的特征。结果表明：①祁连山区夏季云量丰富,平均云量在6成以上。西南气流天气背景下总云量多达8成;②祁连山夏季无降水日大气水汽非常少,700 hPa以上层大气相对湿度大多在20%以下;③西南气流背景下祁连山南北侧山谷风的共同作用,气流昼间向山顶辐合,夜间向山谷辐散,当水汽条件充足时,极易抬升形成可以产生降水的地形云;④祁连山降水主要由小于1 mm的雨滴组成。  相似文献   

The characteristic target-pattern regional ore zonality of the Nanling region, China (Ⅲ)     

Chongwen Yu 《地学前缘(英文版)》2011,2(4)

By applying the ‘theory of synchronization' from the science of complexity to studying the regional regularity of ore formation within the Nanling region of South China,a characteristic target-pattern regional ore zonality has been discovered.During the early and late Yanshanian epoch (corresponding respectively to the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods),two centers of ore formation emerged successively in the Narding region; the former is mainly for rare metals (W,Sn,Mo,Bi,Nb) and one rare earth element (La) and was generated in the Jurassic period; whereas the latter is mainly for base metals (Cu,Pb,Zn,Sb,Hg),noble metals (Au,Ag),and one radioactive element (U) and was generated in the Cretaceous period.Centers of ore formation were brought about by interface dynamics respectively at the Qitianling and Jiuyishan districts in southern Hunan Province.The characteristic giant nonlinear target pattern regional ore zonality was generated respectively from the two centers of ore formation by the spatio-temporal synchronization process of the Nanling complex metallogenic system.It induced the collective dynamics and cooperative behavior of the system and displayed the configuration of the regional ore zonality.Then dynamical clustering transformed the configuration into rudimentary ordered coherent structures.Phase dynamics eventually defined the spatio-temporal structures of the target-pattern regional ore zonality and determined their localization and distribution.The integral successive processes of synchronization-dynamical clustering-phase dynamics accomplished the regional ore zonality by way of "multiple field dynamics" of spatio-temporal superposition of multiple coupled pulsatory solitary wave trains of the zonal sequences of different ores.A new methodology for revealing regional ore zonality is developed,which will encourage further investigation of the formation of deep-seated ore resources and the onset of large-scale mineralization.  相似文献   

Using existing scientific capacity to set targets for ecosystem-based management: A Puget Sound case study     

Jameal F. Samhouri  Phillip S. Levin  C. Andrew James  Jessi Kershner  Greg Williams 《Marine Policy》2011

Human actions have altered the structure and function of coastal ecosystems worldwide. In many locations, the overall portfolio of goods, cultural amenities, and supporting services provided by the marine environment has deteriorated. Ecosystem-based management (EBM) offers significant promise for addressing these issues because it is a comprehensive and integrated approach designed to reconcile conflicts and trade-offs among users of marine resources. A key step in the implementation of EBM is the establishment of target reference levels, or desired states, for indicators that reflect the status of the ecosystem. This paper reviews five approaches, borrowed from a variety of disciplines, to establish target reference levels for EBM. The approaches include the use of existing reference levels, reference directions, and reference levels based on nonlinear functional relationships, baselines, or social norms. Each approach is particularly suitable for EBM because it can be used alone or in combination with others to contextualize status for a diverse suite of ecosystem goals influenced by a wide variety of human activities. Perhaps most importantly, these approaches offer a prospectus for moving forward with EBM by using readily available information, motivating existing scientific capacity, and addressing trade-offs implicit to the setting of targets. This last point is articulated via examples of how each type of reference level might be applied in Puget Sound, WA, USA, where the efforts of scientists, managers, and policy makers have aligned recently in the interest of EBM implementation.  相似文献   

山西流体观测井水位与气压相关性分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘国俊  杨海祥  黄春玲  王向阳  张文男  李民  刘晓萍 《山西地震》2009,(2):7-10,30

分析了山西省流体观测井水位动态特征,利用高阶差分、回归分析方法计算了2008年山西省各观测井水位与气压相关系数,得到了气压系数的背景值,进而对气压干扰因素进行定量化的排除,并对各井的气压系数进行对比分析。结果表明,不同的观测井孔水位受气压影响程度不同,对于某一个观测井孔而言,气压系数及相关系数的变化是有一定规律的。  相似文献   

福建台网“九五”“十五”观测系统测定震级对比研究     

蔡杏辉  陈惠芳 《山西地震》2009,(4):3-8

运用福建台网“九五”“十五”两套观测系统的资料,对两套系统测定的震级及“十五”系统测定的速度震级和仿真震级进行对比分析,得出,两套系统的震级偏差基本在观测规范允许范围之内;“十五”系统的速度震级与仿真震级偏差分布不集中,一致性较差;为“九五”与“十五”系统过渡提供参考依据。  相似文献   

中国地震前兆台网主要问题探讨   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

周克昌  张崇立  纪寿文  叶青  刘春国 《地震地磁观测与研究》2009,30(1):76-80

通过“十五”中国数字地震观测网络项目建设,中国地震前兆台网的建设和运行维护取得了巨大的进步,但也存在一些不足之处。本文从观测、运行和服务等几个方面对中国地震前兆台网存在的一些不足之处进行了全面分析总结,提出了对这些问题的解决方法,以供今后前兆台网建设时参考。  相似文献   

基于PDA形变台站电子手簿系统的设计与开发   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

蔡宗文  陈新泽  王志鹏  方伟 《华南地震》2005,25(3):57-63

由于PDA掌上电脑具有携带轻便、电池持久耐用,操作简单等特点,利于建立形变台站野外观测基本操作平台.按照有关规范及标准的要求,采用PDA硬件平台,在windowsCE软件支持下,利用Microsoft eMbedded Visual Basic编程环境,通过wince sdk工具模块,实现基于PDA的形变台站电子手簿系统（CaisBook PDA1.0）.采用电子数据防伪技术,建立了完善形变台站水准电子记簿软件,可代替手工记录.  相似文献   

地震前兆数据监视与管理系统   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

周克昌  李志雄  王松  岳鑫雨  李杰飞 《地震》2006,26(1):115-122

在北京十三陵地震台建设了一个高度集成的地震观测监控系统, 将原来分散的观测项目(如测震、 GPS、 气氡、 气汞、 电磁波、 地电场等测项), 改造为集中到一台服务器管理, 在一个监控平台上统一实现了对台站数据的收集、 入库、 管理、 处理、 监控等业务; 对这些观测项目可以在控制台上直接取数并将数据入库; 初步实现了观测数据的收集、 数据处理、 数据管理、 数据监控的软件管理系统, 减少了系统维护工作量, 方便台站工作人员操控。 监控系统的地震前兆数据监管软件系统DataMonitor可准实时监视数据, 检查数据的异常和到达情况, 并向台站数据管理人员告警; 可对数据库数据进行统计, 包括数据到达情况统计、 缺数统计、 数据连续率统计等, 并可按用户定制的测项分类进行统计。 该系统还提供多种前兆数据处理方法, 实现对前兆数据的各种常规分析处理。 地震前兆数据监视与管理系统已在北京十三陵地震台应用, 满足了数据管理人员日常工作需要, 可及时方便地掌握数据的情况并对观测系统进行维护。  相似文献   

Probabilistic versus deterministic seismic hazard analysis: an integrated approach for siting problems     

R. Romeo  A. Prestininzi 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2000,20(1-4)

A methodology is proposed to determine design earthquakes for site-specific studies such as the siting of critical structures (power plants, waste disposals, large dams, etc.), strategic structures (fire stations, military commands, hospitals, etc.), or for seismic microzoning studies, matching the results of probabilistic seismic hazard analyses. This goal is achieved by calculating the source contribution to hazard and the magnitude–distance deaggregation, showing that, varying the selected frequency and the level of hazard, the reference earthquakes are changed as a result. A procedure is then adopted to minimize the residuals between the uniform hazard spectrum (target motion) and the design earthquake spectrum, to provide a specific earthquake scenario encompassing all the frequencies of the target motion. Finally, some considerations on the use and the influence exerted by ground motion uncertainty (σ) on hazard deaggregation are outlined.  相似文献   

南京长江第二大桥桥位风速观测及设计风速的计算   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

张忠义  刘聪 《气象科学》2000,20(2):200-205

本文给出适用于大桥设计风速计算的方法,并利用南京长江第二大桥桥位风速观测资料、南京小教场40年的实测风资料及两处的同步风速观测资料,经统计学分析计算得到南京长江第二桥设计风速的计算值.  相似文献